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Contests/Gnit Sunday Open 002 (GSO002)/Problem 18 Secular Equation and Product of Eigenvalues for Spin $S=2$ System in Non-Axisymmetric Crystal Field
Problem 18

Secular Equation and Product of Eigenvalues for Spin $S=2$ System in Non-Axisymmetric Crystal Field

Finished
400 ptsLv.9 AdvancedMathematical Physics
2026/03/22 19:30〜2026/03/22 21:00
Author: admin

Problem Statement

For a quantum mechanical system with spin quantum number S=2S = 2S=2, the spin Hamiltonian H\mathcal{H}H in a non-axisymmetric crystal field is given by:

H=DS^z2+E(S^x2−S^y2)\mathcal{H} = D\hat{S}_z^2 + E(\hat{S}_x^2 - \hat{S}_y^2)H=DS^z2​+E(S^x2​−S^y2​)

where S^x,S^y,S^z\hat{S}_x, \hat{S}_y, \hat{S}_zS^x​,S^y​,S^z​ are angular momentum operators for spin S=2S = 2S=2 in units with ℏ=1\hbar = 1ℏ=1, and DDD, EEE are positive constants.

This Hamiltonian is represented as a 5×55\times55×5 Hermitian matrix in the basis of eigenstates ∣m⟩|m\rangle∣m⟩ (m=2,1,0,−1,−2m = 2, 1, 0, -1, -2m=2,1,0,−1,−2) of S^z\hat{S}_zS^z​.

The secular equation determining the energy eigenvalues, with III as the identity matrix:

det⁡(λI−H)=0\det(\lambda I - \mathcal{H}) = 0det(λI−H)=0

has five eigenvalues λ1,λ2,λ3,λ4,λ5\lambda_1, \lambda_2, \lambda_3, \lambda_4, \lambda_5λ1​,λ2​,λ3​,λ4​,λ5​ (with multiplicity).

For the values of DDD and EEE given in the constraints, find the product of the five eigenvalues ∏i=15λi\prod_{i=1}^5\lambda_i∏i=15​λi​.

Constraints

  • Axially symmetric splitting parameter: D=1D = 1D=1
  • Non-axisymmetric (rhombic) splitting parameter: E=4E = 4E=4
  • DDD, EEE, and eigenvalues λ\lambdaλ are treated as dimensionless values.

Input Format

Give the value of λ1λ2λ3λ4λ5\lambda_1\lambda_2\lambda_3\lambda_4\lambda_5λ1​λ2​λ3​λ4​λ5​ as a positive integer.

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